Python Fundamentals Review

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📥

Input & Output

Learn to communicate with your programs

Multiple Choice

What function is used to display output to the screen in Python?

echo()

print()

display()

output()

Fill in the Blank

Complete the code to ask the user for their name and store it:

name = ("What is your name? ")

Code Challenge

Write code that prints "Hello, World!" to the screen:

Multiple Choice

What will this code print?

print("Hello", "World")

HelloWorld

Hello World

Hello, World

Error

Debug This Code

This code should ask for a name and greet the user, but it has a bug. What's wrong?

                    name = input("Enter your name: ")
                    print("Hello, " + Name)
                

Variable name is wrong case (Name vs name)

Missing quotes around Hello

Should use comma instead of +

input() is used incorrectly

Hint: Python is case-sensitive!

📦

Variables

Store and manage data in your programs

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a valid variable name in Python?

2nd_place

my-variable

user_age

class

Fill in the Blank

Complete the code to convert the string "42" to an integer:

text = "42" number = (text)

Multiple Choice

What will be the value of result after this code runs?

                    x = 5
                    y = 3
                    result = x + y * 2
                

Code Challenge

Create a variable called age and assign it the value 15:

Multiple Choice

What is the data type of the variable x?

x = "100"

int (integer)

str (string)

float

bool (boolean)

Debug This Code

This code should calculate the total price, but it has a bug. What's wrong?

                    price = input("Enter price: ")
                    quantity = input("Enter quantity: ")
                    total = price * quantity
                    print("Total:", total)
                

Need to convert inputs to int() or float()

Should use + instead of *

Variables need quotes around them

There is no bug

Hint: What data type does input() return?

🔀

If Statements

Make decisions in your code

Multiple Choice

What will this code print?

                    x = 10
                    if x > 5:
                        print("big")
                    else:
                        print("small")
                

big

small

Error

Nothing

Fill in the Blank

Complete the code to check if a number is negative:

num = -5 if num 0: print("Negative!")

Multiple Choice

Which keyword is used for "otherwise if" in Python?

else if

elseif

elif

otherwise

Code Challenge

Write an if statement that prints "Pass" if the variable score is greater than or equal to 60:

Multiple Choice

What will this code print?

                    age = 15
                    if age >= 18:
                        print("Adult")
                    elif age >= 13:
                        print("Teen")
                    else:
                        print("Child")
                

Adult

Teen

Child

Adult, Teen, and Child

Debug This Code

This code should check if a number is even, but it has a bug. What's wrong?

                    num = 4
                    if num % 2 = 0:
                        print("Even")
                

Should use == instead of = for comparison

% is not a valid operator

Missing colon at the end

Wrong indentation

Hint: = assigns a value, but what compares values?

🔄

While Loops

Repeat actions until a condition is met

Multiple Choice

How many times will "Hello" be printed?

                    count = 0
                    while count < 3:
                        print("Hello")
                        count = count + 1
                

2 times

3 times

4 times

Infinite loop

Fill in the Blank

Complete the code to create a loop that runs while x is not equal to 10:

x = 0 while x 10: x = x + 1

Multiple Choice

What keyword immediately exits a while loop?

exit

stop

break

end

Code Challenge

Write a while loop that prints numbers from 1 to 5:

Multiple Choice

What will be the value of x after this loop finishes?

                    x = 1
                    while x < 10:
                        x = x * 2
                

Debug This Code

This code should print numbers 1 to 5, but it runs forever. What's the bug?

                    num = 1
                    while num <= 5:
                        print(num)
                

Missing num = num + 1 to increment the counter

Should use < instead of <=

num should start at 0

Missing break statement

Hint: If the condition never becomes False, what happens?

⚡

Functions

Create reusable blocks of code

Multiple Choice

Which keyword is used to define a function in Python?

function

def

func

define

Fill in the Blank

Complete the function to return the sum of two numbers:

def add(a, b): a + b

Multiple Choice

What will this code print?

                    def greet(name):
                        print("Hi " + name)
                    
                    greet("Alice")
                

Hi name

Hi Alice

greet Alice

Error

Code Challenge

Write a function called double that takes a number and returns it multiplied by 2:

Multiple Choice

What will result be after this code runs?

                    def multiply(x, y):
                        return x * y
                    
                    result = multiply(4, 5)
                

None

Debug This Code

This function should return the square of a number, but it doesn't work correctly. What's the bug?

                    def square(n):
                        n * n
                    
                    result = square(5)
                    print(result)  # Prints None!
                

Missing return keyword before n * n

Should use ** instead of *

Function is called incorrectly

Variable name 'n' is invalid

Hint: How do you send a value back from a function?

🎯 Final Project Review

Combine everything you've learned!

Fill in the Blank

Complete this number guessing game - fill in the missing parts:

secret = 7 guess = 0 while guess secret: guess = (input("Guess: ")) if guess < secret: print("Too low!") elif guess > secret: print("Too high!") print("You got it!")

Multiple Choice

What does this program do?

                    def check(n):
                        if n > 0:
                            return "positive"
                        elif n < 0:
                            return "negative"
                        else:
                            return "zero"
                    
                    num = int(input("Number: "))
                    print(check(num))
                

Checks if a number is positive, negative, or zero

Adds numbers together

Counts from 1 to the number

Prints "positive" always

Code Challenge

Write a complete program that:
1. Asks the user for their name using input()
2. Creates a function called welcome that takes a name and prints "Welcome, [name]!"
3. Calls the function with the user's name

Code Challenge

Write a function called countdown that takes a number and uses a while loop to print numbers from that number down to 1, then prints "Blast off!":

Debug This Code

This password checker should keep asking until the correct password is entered, but it has a bug. Find the main issue:

                    def check_password(pw):
                        if pw = "secret123":
                            return True
                        else:
                            return False
                    
                    correct = False
                    while correct == False:
                        password = input("Password: ")
                        correct = check_password(password)
                

Uses = instead of == in the if statement

While condition is wrong

Return statements are wrong

Function is called incorrectly

Hint: Remember the difference between = and ==

Multiple Choice

What will this program print when the user enters 3?

                    def sum_to_n(n):
                        total = 0
                        count = 1
                        while count <= n:
                            total = total + count
                            count = count + 1
                        return total
                    
                    num = int(input("Enter number: "))
                    print(sum_to_n(num))
                

Code Challenge

Write a complete program that:
1. Creates a function called is_even that takes a number and returns True if it's even, False if odd
2. Uses a while loop to ask the user for numbers
3. For each number, prints whether it's even or odd
4. Stops when the user enters 0

Input & Output

Variables

If Statements

While Loops

Functions

🎯 Final Project Review

🎉 Section Complete!